Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Рождение : 1933-03-15, Brooklyn, New York, USA

Смерть : 2020-09-18

История

Ruth Bader Ginsburg (born Joan Ruth Bader; March 15, 1933 – September 18, 2020) was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1993 until her death in September 2020. She was nominated by President Bill Clinton, replacing retiring justice Byron White, and at the time was generally viewed as a moderate consensus-builder. She eventually became part of the liberal wing of the Court as the Court shifted to the right over time. Ginsburg was the first Jewish woman and the second woman to serve on the Court, after Sandra Day O'Connor. Ginsburg was born and grew up in Brooklyn, New York. Her older sister died when she was a baby, and her mother died shortly before Ginsburg graduated from high school. She earned her bachelor's degree at Cornell University and married Martin D. Ginsburg, becoming a mother before starting law school at Harvard, where she was one of the few women in her class. Ginsburg transferred to Columbia Law School, where she graduated joint first in her class. During the early 1960s, she worked with the Columbia Law School Project on International Procedure, learned Swedish, and co-authored a book with Swedish jurist Anders Bruzelius; her work in Sweden profoundly influenced her thinking on gender equality. She then became a professor at Rutgers Law School and Columbia Law School, teaching civil procedure as one of the few women in her field. Ginsburg spent much of her legal career as an advocate for gender equality and women's rights, winning many arguments before the Supreme Court. She advocated as a volunteer attorney for the American Civil Liberties Union and was a member of its board of directors and one of its general counsel in the 1970s. In 1980, President Jimmy Carter appointed her to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, where she served until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 1993. Between O'Connor's retirement in 2006 and the appointment of Sonia Sotomayor in 2009, she was the only female justice on the Supreme Court. During that time, Ginsburg became more forceful with her dissents, notably in Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. (2007). Ginsburg's dissenting opinion was credited with inspiring the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act which was signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2009, making it easier for employees to win pay discrimination claims. Ginsburg received attention in American popular culture for her passionate dissents in numerous cases, widely seen as reflecting paradigmatically liberal views of the law. She was dubbed "The Notorious R.B.G.", and she later embraced the moniker. Ginsburg died at her home in Washington, D.C., on September 18, 2020, at the age of 87, from complications of metastatic pancreatic cancer. Given the proximity of her death to the 2020 election and Ginsburg's wish for her replacement not to be chosen "until a new president is installed", the decision for President Trump to appoint and all but one of the Republican Senators to confirm Amy Coney Barrett as her replacement proved controversial after the Senate Republican majority's prior refusal to hold a hearing or vote for Merrick Garland in early 2016 under Barack Obama after the death of Antonin Scalia.

Профиль

Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Фильмы

My Name Is Pauli Murray
Herself
Overlooked by history, Pauli Murray was a legal trailblazer whose ideas influenced RBG's fight for gender equality and Thurgood Marshall's landmark civil rights arguments. Featuring never-before-seen footage and audio recordings, a portrait of Murray's impact as a non-binary Black luminary: lawyer, activist, poet, and priest who transformed our world.
The Automat
Self
The 100-year story of the iconic restaurant chain Horn & Hardart, the inspiration for Starbucks, where generations of Americans ate and drank coffee together at communal tables. From the perspective of former customers, we watch a business climb to its peak success and then grapple with fast food in a forever changed America.
Remembering RBG: A Nation Ugly Cries
Self (Archive Footage)
“Remembering RBG: A Nation Ugly Cries with Desi Lydic” follows Lydic on a journey through the five stages of grief—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and… what's the opposite of the acceptance? —as she comes to terms with the passing of the late Ruth Bader Ginsburg and where to go from here.
RUTH - Justice Ginsburg in her own Words
Self
How does some one with three strikes against her, rise to the highest court in the land, the U. S. Supreme Court?
По половому признаку
Self
История Рут Бадер Гинзбург, преодолевающей сложности на пути к должности верховного судьи США и сражающейся за равные права мужчин и женщин.
Out of Many, One
Self
The U.S. has long offered a promise of opportunity to immigrants, but currently immigration has become a divisive issue. This documentary illustrates how an understanding of our history and democracy is essential to constructive debate, informed civic participation and shaping a new class of citizens.
Фаренгейт 11/9
Self (archive footage)
Провокационная документальная лента Майкла Мура, в которой режиссер рассматривает два вопроса об «эре Трампа»: как вообще американцы в нее попали и как теперь из нее выбраться.
Reversing Roe
Self (archive footage)
Documentary that delves deep into the history of abortion law, revealing the contradictory ways in which women's bodies have been used to further political and ideological agendas.
РБГ
Self
О карьере судьи Верховного суда США Рут Бадер Гинзбург, которая насчитывает несколько десятилетий, и о том, как она разработала правовое наследие, став иконой поп-культуры.
The Sturgeon Queens
Self
Four generations of a Jewish immigrant family create Russ and Daughters, a Lower East Side lox and herring emporium that survives and thrives. Produced to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the store, this documentary features an extensive interview with two of the original daughters for whom the store was named, now 100 and 92 years old, and interviews with prominent enthusiasts of the store including Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, actress Maggie Gyllenhaal, chef Mario Batali, New Yorker writer Calvin Trillin, and 60 Minutes correspondent Morley Safer. Rather than a conventional narrator, the filmmakers bring together six colorful longtime fans of the store, in their 80s and 90s, who sit around a table of fish reading the script in the style of a passover Seder. - Written by Julie Cohen
Гражданин Кох
Self (archive footage)
Висконсин - родина Республиканской партии, проправительственных профсоюзов, "чизхедов" и Пола Райана, становится полигоном в кампании для обретения демократии, и плацдармом в битве за будущее партии.
Капитализм: История любви
Self (archive footage)
Эта история любви закончилась громким «разводом». Фильм исследует первопричины мирового финансового кризиса, рассказывает о манипулировании деньгами американских налогоплательщиков. Обличает банки и корпорации, топ-менеджеров и политиков, совершивших, по словам режиссёра «самый большой грабёж в истории своей страны».
Yoo-Hoo, Mrs. Goldberg
Self
The story of the actor, writer and broadcasting pioneer, Gertrude Berg.
Фаренгейт 9/11
Self (archive footage) (uncredited)
Документальное исследование причастности Джорджа Буша к трагедии 11 сентября… Главные темы фильма — истоки терроризма и события 11 сентября 2001 года. В фильме Мур расследует тесные связи, существовавшие между двумя «кланами», двумя поколениями Бушей и двумя поколениями бен Ладенов. Автор картины утверждает, что между Джорджем Бушем-старшим и отцом Усамы бен Ладена существовали прочные деловые связи. Они сложились, когда Буш-старший еще находился на посту президента США, долгое время поддерживались и были разорваны лишь через два месяца после чудовищных терактов, осуществленных против США в 2001 году.