Charles de Lauzirika

Charles de Lauzirika

Birth : 1967-08-17, Los Angeles, California, USA

History

Charles de Lauzirika is an American DVD and Blu-ray producer and filmmaker.   Lauzirika spent his early years in La Crescenta, California and attended Glendale College where he served as entertainment editor of In Focus, the college's weekly Public-access television show. He also contributed to the school's weekly, El Vaquero, receiving several JACC student journalism awards for his work as editorial cartoonist, entertainment editor and editor-in-chief. Lauzirika later attended the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts, where he wrote and directed a fully funded 16mm sync sound film in the program's CNTV 480 Advanced Production Workshop; Lauzirika graduated in 1994. While attending USC film school, Lauzirika concurrently worked for numerous film companies, including Lucasfilm Ltd., Lightstorm Entertainment, Warner Bros., Silver Pictures and Scott Free Productions.  While working as a story analyst for directors Ridley Scott and Tony Scott, Lauzirika was chosen by Ridley Scott to supervise and produce elaborate DVD special editions of Scott's classic films. Lauzirika's works have been nominated for Video and DVD Premiere Awards, and in 2003 his comprehensive nine-disc Alien Quadrilogy garnered the DVDX Award for Best Overall DVD, Classic Movie. In 2008, Lauzirika won two Saturn Awards for his work on Blade Runner (Best DVD Special Edition) and Twin Peaks (Best Retro Television Release). And in 2011, he won his third Saturn Award for the Alien Anthology (Best DVD Movie Collection.)   Lauzirika has been in charge of the restorations and new cuts of such as films as Alien³, Legend and Blade Runner: The Final Cut, each project requiring new visual effects and additional scenes which had to seamlessly blend in with existing footage.  He has also directed several commercials and short films, as well as the music video for Montell Jordan's When You Get Home (1998) which featured Billy Dee Williams. Lauzirika himself occasionally serves as camera operator in his documentary interviews, thereby fostering a more intimate environment, allowing the interviewee to be more sharing on camera.  Although his work has long been associated with the films of Ridley Scott, Lauzirika has also produced DVD content for the works of numerous other directors, including David Lynch, Sam Raimi, James Cameron, the Coen brothers, Michael Bay, David Fincher, Robert Rodriguez, Marc Webb, John Badham, Jean-Pierre Jeunet, Mark Romanek and Tony Scott.   In 2010, Empire Magazine reported that Lauzirika was working on a comprehensive Blu-ray release of the four Alien films, now known as the Alien Anthology. In addition to creating new content, he also oversaw a new sound mix of the Alien³ Special Edition which necessitated the return of certain actors to re-record their dialogue due to the poor production sound heard in the film's original rough assembly. In 2011 it was reported that Lauzirika was working on DVD/Blu-ray special editions for such films as Transformers: Dark of the Moon, The Amazing Spider-Man and Prometheus. Lauzirika made his feature directorial debut with the psychological thriller Crave which stars Josh Lawson, Emma Lung, Edward Furlong and Ron Perlman. Lauzirika is also one of the film's producers and co-wrote the screenplay.  

Profile

Charles de Lauzirika

Movies

Love Bite
Writer
Taking refuge in an abandoned cargo truck, a bickering couple (and their dog) find their lives on the line when tensions between them rise to dangerous levels during the zombie apocalypse.
Love Bite
Director
Taking refuge in an abandoned cargo truck, a bickering couple (and their dog) find their lives on the line when tensions between them rise to dangerous levels during the zombie apocalypse.
Tales of the Wild Hunt: Hellboy Reborn
Producer
Documentary on the making of the 2019 movie.
Tales of the Wild Hunt: Hellboy Reborn
Director
Documentary on the making of the 2019 movie.
A Very Lovely Dream: One Week in Twin Peaks
Producer
One week in the making of David Lynch's 2017 continuation of his groundbreaking television series TWIN PEAKS, capturing the cast and crew as they revisited several locations from the '90s original.
A Very Lovely Dream: One Week in Twin Peaks
Camera Operator
One week in the making of David Lynch's 2017 continuation of his groundbreaking television series TWIN PEAKS, capturing the cast and crew as they revisited several locations from the '90s original.
A Very Lovely Dream: One Week in Twin Peaks
Director
One week in the making of David Lynch's 2017 continuation of his groundbreaking television series TWIN PEAKS, capturing the cast and crew as they revisited several locations from the '90s original.
The Long Way Home: Making 'The Martian'
Director
A long form documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's film, "The Martian," featuring interviews with its cast and crew.
The Martian
Epk Producer
During a manned mission to Mars, Astronaut Mark Watney is presumed dead after a fierce storm and left behind by his crew. But Watney has survived and finds himself stranded and alone on the hostile planet. With only meager supplies, he must draw upon his ingenuity, wit and spirit to subsist and find a way to signal to Earth that he is alive.
Keepers of the Covenant: Making 'Exodus: Gods and Kings'
Camera Operator
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Exodus: Gods and Kings," featuring interviews with the cast and crew. Featured in the Deluxe Edition Blu-ray set.
Keepers of the Covenant: Making 'Exodus: Gods and Kings'
Producer
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Exodus: Gods and Kings," featuring interviews with the cast and crew. Featured in the Deluxe Edition Blu-ray set.
Keepers of the Covenant: Making 'Exodus: Gods and Kings'
Director
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Exodus: Gods and Kings," featuring interviews with the cast and crew. Featured in the Deluxe Edition Blu-ray set.
Evolution Within Extinction
Producer
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Age of Extinction".
Evolution Within Extinction
Writer
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Age of Extinction".
Evolution Within Extinction
Director
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Age of Extinction".
The Wages of Heroism: Making The Amazing Spider-Man 2
Director
A series of featurettes detailing the heroic efforts to bring "The Amazing Spider-Man 2" to life.
Between Two Worlds
Director
"Between Two Worlds" is a featurette included in the Twin Peaks: The Entire Mystery and Twin Peaks: From Z to A Blu-ray releases. It features David Lynch interviewing Grace Zabriskie, Ray Wise and Sheryl Lee, first as their characters (Sarah Palmer, Leland Palmer, and Laura Palmer, respectively), then as themselves. The second portion of the featurette was later released in the Criterion Collection release of Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. The Palmer family interview was written by Lynch.
Truth of the Situation: Making 'The Counselor'
Director
A 13-segment documentary examining production aspects of "The Counselor" (2013): Tragic Consequences A Different Southwest The Counselor Pool Party Reiner Laura Malkina Polo Club Lensing the Dark World Westray Downward Spiral The Cheetahs The Bolito
Truth of the Situation: Making 'The Counselor'
Producer
A 13-segment documentary examining production aspects of "The Counselor" (2013): Tragic Consequences A Different Southwest The Counselor Pool Party Reiner Laura Malkina Polo Club Lensing the Dark World Westray Downward Spiral The Cheetahs The Bolito
Crave
Producer
Aiden craves a better life. A life away from his gruesome job as a crime scene photographer, working alongside his detective friend Pete. A meaningful life where he can escape the hard streets of Detroit, fall in love with the perfect woman and save the world from evil. As Aiden's dark imagination starts to leak into reality, he meets Virginia, a younger woman with her own dilemmas and desires.
Crave
Screenplay
Aiden craves a better life. A life away from his gruesome job as a crime scene photographer, working alongside his detective friend Pete. A meaningful life where he can escape the hard streets of Detroit, fall in love with the perfect woman and save the world from evil. As Aiden's dark imagination starts to leak into reality, he meets Virginia, a younger woman with her own dilemmas and desires.
Crave
Director
Aiden craves a better life. A life away from his gruesome job as a crime scene photographer, working alongside his detective friend Pete. A meaningful life where he can escape the hard streets of Detroit, fall in love with the perfect woman and save the world from evil. As Aiden's dark imagination starts to leak into reality, he meets Virginia, a younger woman with her own dilemmas and desires.
Rite of Passage: The Amazing Spider-Man Reborn
Director
A documentary on the making of The Amazing Spider-Man (2012), featuring interviews with the cast and crew, as well as behind-the-scenes footage.
The Furious Gods: Making Prometheus
Producer
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Prometheus," featuring cast and crew interviews, outtakes and behind-the-scenes footage. Released on the 4-disc Collector's Edition Blu-ray set.
The Furious Gods: Making Prometheus
Writer
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Prometheus," featuring cast and crew interviews, outtakes and behind-the-scenes footage. Released on the 4-disc Collector's Edition Blu-ray set.
The Furious Gods: Making Prometheus
Director
An in-depth documentary on the making of Ridley Scott's "Prometheus," featuring cast and crew interviews, outtakes and behind-the-scenes footage. Released on the 4-disc Collector's Edition Blu-ray set.
Uncharted Territory: NASA's Future Then and Now
Producer
A brief discussion on the history of the space program, its evolution and the possibilities in store for future astronauts.
Uncharted Territory: NASA's Future Then and Now
Director
A brief discussion on the history of the space program, its evolution and the possibilities in store for future astronauts.
Above and Beyond: Exploring Dark of the Moon
Director
The all-access feature-length documentary on the making of Michael Bay's blockbuster "Transformers: Dark of the Moon," including interviews with the cast and crew.
The Human Factor: Exacting Revenge of the Fallen
Producer
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen".
The Human Factor: Exacting Revenge of the Fallen
Writer
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen".
The Human Factor: Exacting Revenge of the Fallen
Director
The definitive feature-length documentary on the creation of "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen".
Dangerous Days: Making 'Blade Runner'
Self
The definitive 3½-hour documentary about the troubled creation and enduring legacy of the science fiction classic 'Blade Runner', culled from 80 interviews and hours of never-before-seen outtakes and lost footage.
The Electric Dreamer: Remembering Philip K. Dick
Producer
Friends, family and colleagues of Philip K. Dick remember the life and work of the author of "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?"
The Electric Dreamer: Remembering Philip K. Dick
Director
Friends, family and colleagues of Philip K. Dick remember the life and work of the author of "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?"
Dangerous Days: Making 'Blade Runner'
Writer
The definitive 3½-hour documentary about the troubled creation and enduring legacy of the science fiction classic 'Blade Runner', culled from 80 interviews and hours of never-before-seen outtakes and lost footage.
Dangerous Days: Making 'Blade Runner'
Producer
The definitive 3½-hour documentary about the troubled creation and enduring legacy of the science fiction classic 'Blade Runner', culled from 80 interviews and hours of never-before-seen outtakes and lost footage.
Dangerous Days: Making 'Blade Runner'
Director
The definitive 3½-hour documentary about the troubled creation and enduring legacy of the science fiction classic 'Blade Runner', culled from 80 interviews and hours of never-before-seen outtakes and lost footage.
The Light That Burns: Remembering Jordan Cronenweth
Producer
Cinematographer Jordan Cronenweth's work on Blade Runner is remembered by friends, colleagues and relatives.
The Light That Burns: Remembering Jordan Cronenweth
Director
Cinematographer Jordan Cronenweth's work on Blade Runner is remembered by friends, colleagues and relatives.
Screen Tests: Rachael and Pris
Producer
A look at two screen-tests for Blade Runner: Nina Axelrod up for the part of Rachael and Stacey Nelkin as Pris.
Screen Tests: Rachael and Pris
Director
A look at two screen-tests for Blade Runner: Nina Axelrod up for the part of Rachael and Stacey Nelkin as Pris.
Fashion Forward: Wardrobe and Styling
Producer
A look back to the 2019 fashions, costumes and make-up as seen in Ridley Scott's Blade Runner.
Fashion Forward: Wardrobe and Styling
Director
A look back to the 2019 fashions, costumes and make-up as seen in Ridley Scott's Blade Runner.
Signs of the Times: Graphic Design
Producer
Production illustrator Tom Southwell takes us through some of the logos, neon signs, badges and magazines he created to be used in the background of Blade Runner.
Signs of the Times: Graphic Design
Director
Production illustrator Tom Southwell takes us through some of the logos, neon signs, badges and magazines he created to be used in the background of Blade Runner.
Sacrificial Sheep: The Novel vs. the Film
Producer
A summary of the differences and similarities between Do Androids Dream of Electric Sleep and Blade Runner.
Sacrificial Sheep: The Novel vs. the Film
Director
A summary of the differences and similarities between Do Androids Dream of Electric Sleep and Blade Runner.
All Our Variant Futures
Director
A look at the restoration of Ridley Scott's Blade Runner (1982) and the creation of its final cut, including the tweaking and/or erasing of some of the original's beloved goofs.
A Slice of Lynch
Producer
David Lynch, Mädchen Amick, Kyle MacLachlan and John Wentworth reminisce about "Twin Peaks" while seated at a diner counter.
A Slice of Lynch
Writer
David Lynch, Mädchen Amick, Kyle MacLachlan and John Wentworth reminisce about "Twin Peaks" while seated at a diner counter.
Secrets from Another Place: Creating Twin Peaks
Producer
A select group of key creative forces involved in the making of Twin Peaks reveals their take on the fascinating creation and journey of the wildly popular show.
Return to 'Twin Peaks'
Camera Operator
Documentary about 'Twin Peaks Festival'.
Return to 'Twin Peaks'
Producer
Documentary about 'Twin Peaks Festival'.
Return to 'Twin Peaks'
Director
Documentary about 'Twin Peaks Festival'.
Secrets from Another Place: Creating Twin Peaks
Director
A select group of key creative forces involved in the making of Twin Peaks reveals their take on the fascinating creation and journey of the wildly popular show.
A Slice of Lynch
Director
David Lynch, Mädchen Amick, Kyle MacLachlan and John Wentworth reminisce about "Twin Peaks" while seated at a diner counter.
Postcards From Provence
Screenplay
Postcards From Provence
Director
Ride with the Angels: Making 'Blue Thunder'
Director
Making of 'Blue Thunder'
The Path to Redemption
Producer
From pre-production to release, we are given an exclusive look into the making of Ridley Scott's Kingdom of Heaven (2005). Interviews with the cast and crew members take up the bulk of this film, but are accompanied by plenty of on-set footage. We are also given a glimpse at a lot of the deleted material, much of which will be in the director's cut.
The Path to Redemption
Director
From pre-production to release, we are given an exclusive look into the making of Ridley Scott's Kingdom of Heaven (2005). Interviews with the cast and crew members take up the bulk of this film, but are accompanied by plenty of on-set footage. We are also given a glimpse at a lot of the deleted material, much of which will be in the director's cut.
Strength and Honor: Creating the World of 'Gladiator'
Writer
An in-depth look at the entire making of Ridley Scott's Gladiator. Consisting of: Tale Of The Scribes: Story Development, The Heat Of Battle: Production Journals, Attire Of The Realm: Costume Design, Shadow And Dust: Resurrecting Proximo, The Glory Of Rome: Visual Effects, Tools Of War: Weapons, Echoes In Eternity: Release And Impact,and final Production Credits.
Strength and Honor: Creating the World of 'Gladiator'
Producer
An in-depth look at the entire making of Ridley Scott's Gladiator. Consisting of: Tale Of The Scribes: Story Development, The Heat Of Battle: Production Journals, Attire Of The Realm: Costume Design, Shadow And Dust: Resurrecting Proximo, The Glory Of Rome: Visual Effects, Tools Of War: Weapons, Echoes In Eternity: Release And Impact,and final Production Credits.
Strength and Honor: Creating the World of 'Gladiator'
Director
An in-depth look at the entire making of Ridley Scott's Gladiator. Consisting of: Tale Of The Scribes: Story Development, The Heat Of Battle: Production Journals, Attire Of The Realm: Costume Design, Shadow And Dust: Resurrecting Proximo, The Glory Of Rome: Visual Effects, Tools Of War: Weapons, Echoes In Eternity: Release And Impact,and final Production Credits.
Vengeance Is Mine: Reinventing 'Man on Fire'
Writer
A documentary on the making of the 2004 film "Man on Fire," mixing movie clips, behind-the-scenes shots and interviews of cast and crew. The program covers the flick’s genesis and very long path to the screen, adaptation concerns and changes from the original story, the choice of Mexico as a location, research into real-life kidnapping and various case studies, training and realism, casting and characters, shooting in Mexico City and location issues, cinematography and the movie’s distinctive look, Scott’s style on the set, and general thoughts.
Vengeance Is Mine: Reinventing 'Man on Fire'
Producer
A documentary on the making of the 2004 film "Man on Fire," mixing movie clips, behind-the-scenes shots and interviews of cast and crew. The program covers the flick’s genesis and very long path to the screen, adaptation concerns and changes from the original story, the choice of Mexico as a location, research into real-life kidnapping and various case studies, training and realism, casting and characters, shooting in Mexico City and location issues, cinematography and the movie’s distinctive look, Scott’s style on the set, and general thoughts.
Vengeance Is Mine: Reinventing 'Man on Fire'
Director
A documentary on the making of the 2004 film "Man on Fire," mixing movie clips, behind-the-scenes shots and interviews of cast and crew. The program covers the flick’s genesis and very long path to the screen, adaptation concerns and changes from the original story, the choice of Mexico as a location, research into real-life kidnapping and various case studies, training and realism, casting and characters, shooting in Mexico City and location issues, cinematography and the movie’s distinctive look, Scott’s style on the set, and general thoughts.
Spider-Man 2: Making the Amazing
Director
A comprehensive 12-part documentary on the making of "Spider-Man 2," covering everything from pre-production to premiere.
The Anti-Hero's Journey
Producer
Robert Rodriguez and the cast of Once Upon a Time In Mexico explain the history and mythology of the El Mariachi character.
The Good, the Bad & the Bloody: Inside KNB EFX
Producer
A behind the scenes look at the special effects of Once Upon a Time In Mexico.
One Step Beyond: Making 'Alien: Resurrection'
Producer
The making of Alien Resurrection (1997) is covered in this feature-length documentary, created for the film's 2003 DVD release. The cast and crew tell us how this movie came to be, from it's script which never changed through production, to its initial theatrical release.
One Step Beyond: Making 'Alien: Resurrection'
Writer
The making of Alien Resurrection (1997) is covered in this feature-length documentary, created for the film's 2003 DVD release. The cast and crew tell us how this movie came to be, from it's script which never changed through production, to its initial theatrical release.
One Step Beyond: Making 'Alien: Resurrection'
Director
The making of Alien Resurrection (1997) is covered in this feature-length documentary, created for the film's 2003 DVD release. The cast and crew tell us how this movie came to be, from it's script which never changed through production, to its initial theatrical release.
Superior Firepower: Making 'Aliens'
Writer
This feature-length documentary, made especially for the 2003 Aliens (1986) DVD release, is incredibly informative with all its interviews with both the cast and crew, as well as behind the scenes footage filmed during the making of the film. Every possible element towards what went into making the movie is included here and gives fans an overload of information to fill their brains with.
Wreckage and Rage: Making 'Alien³'
Producer
The creation of the film Alien³ (1992) is covered here in this feature-length documentary in exhaustive detail. Many interviews with the cast and crew give us an idea of how hard of a time David Fincher had creating his first feature film, as well as present us with much information about every element that went into making this film, including how the plot and script changed drastically through filming.
Wreckage and Rage: Making 'Alien³'
Writer
The creation of the film Alien³ (1992) is covered here in this feature-length documentary in exhaustive detail. Many interviews with the cast and crew give us an idea of how hard of a time David Fincher had creating his first feature film, as well as present us with much information about every element that went into making this film, including how the plot and script changed drastically through filming.
The Beast Within: Making 'Alien'
Writer
A behind-the-scenes look at the making of “Alien,” the terrifying classic about a spaceship crew trapped with a hideous monster that's hunting them one by one.
The Beast Within: Making 'Alien'
Producer
A behind-the-scenes look at the making of “Alien,” the terrifying classic about a spaceship crew trapped with a hideous monster that's hunting them one by one.
The Beast Within: Making 'Alien'
Director
A behind-the-scenes look at the making of “Alien,” the terrifying classic about a spaceship crew trapped with a hideous monster that's hunting them one by one.
Wreckage and Rage: Making 'Alien³'
Director
The creation of the film Alien³ (1992) is covered here in this feature-length documentary in exhaustive detail. Many interviews with the cast and crew give us an idea of how hard of a time David Fincher had creating his first feature film, as well as present us with much information about every element that went into making this film, including how the plot and script changed drastically through filming.
Superior Firepower: Making 'Aliens'
Producer
This feature-length documentary, made especially for the 2003 Aliens (1986) DVD release, is incredibly informative with all its interviews with both the cast and crew, as well as behind the scenes footage filmed during the making of the film. Every possible element towards what went into making the movie is included here and gives fans an overload of information to fill their brains with.
Superior Firepower: Making 'Aliens'
Director
This feature-length documentary, made especially for the 2003 Aliens (1986) DVD release, is incredibly informative with all its interviews with both the cast and crew, as well as behind the scenes footage filmed during the making of the film. Every possible element towards what went into making the movie is included here and gives fans an overload of information to fill their brains with.
Shooting 'Miller's Crossing': A Conversation with Barry Sonnenfeld
Producer
A sit down interview with Miller's Crossing cinematographer Barry Sonnenfield about the making of the Coen brothers' classic.
Shooting 'Miller's Crossing': A Conversation with Barry Sonnenfeld
Director
A sit down interview with Miller's Crossing cinematographer Barry Sonnenfield about the making of the Coen brothers' classic.
Thelma & Louise: The Last Journey
Producer
Nearly every major element of making the 1991 film Thelma & Louise is examined here from how the script was written to how Ridley Scott got involved, to how the big tanker explosion was pulled off. Some funny stories are shared and some great trivia as to what was improvised on set and actually left in the film.
Thelma & Louise: The Last Journey
Writer
Nearly every major element of making the 1991 film Thelma & Louise is examined here from how the script was written to how Ridley Scott got involved, to how the big tanker explosion was pulled off. Some funny stories are shared and some great trivia as to what was improvised on set and actually left in the film.
Thelma & Louise: The Last Journey
Director
Nearly every major element of making the 1991 film Thelma & Louise is examined here from how the script was written to how Ridley Scott got involved, to how the big tanker explosion was pulled off. Some funny stories are shared and some great trivia as to what was improvised on set and actually left in the film.
Duelling Directors: Ridley Scott & Kevin Reynolds
Camera Operator
Directors Ridley Scott and Kevin Reynolds talk about the film The Duellists. Reynolds interviews Scott while watching the movie, and they examine some of the key visual shots that Scott created and that eventually got him recognized as one of the best visual directors of our time.
Duelling Directors: Ridley Scott & Kevin Reynolds
Producer
Directors Ridley Scott and Kevin Reynolds talk about the film The Duellists. Reynolds interviews Scott while watching the movie, and they examine some of the key visual shots that Scott created and that eventually got him recognized as one of the best visual directors of our time.
Duelling Directors: Ridley Scott & Kevin Reynolds
Director
Directors Ridley Scott and Kevin Reynolds talk about the film The Duellists. Reynolds interviews Scott while watching the movie, and they examine some of the key visual shots that Scott created and that eventually got him recognized as one of the best visual directors of our time.
Creating a Myth... the Memories of 'Legend'
Post-Production Manager
This 51 minute documentary of the movie "Legend" can be found as an extra on the 2002 2-disc boxed-set 'Ultimate Edition' DVD release of "Legend". The first part of the documentary deals with the fruition of the idea and the making of the movie. It includes interviews with almost all the main participants of the feature, with the exception of actor Tom Cruise, who was a no show. The second half is much more fascinating and deals with what went wrong with the movie, and it's marketing failures.
The Making of 'Cape Fear'
Writer
Breaking the Silence: The Making of Hannibal
Producer
Several aspects of Ridley Scott's masterpiece Hannibal (2001) are examined through interviews with the cast and crew, and behind the scenes footage. We are even taken to two premieres and get to see some of the audience's reactions while they're watching the film. This very important documentary is perfectly crafted and is very informative towards all of its viewers.
Breaking the Silence: The Making of Hannibal
Director
Several aspects of Ridley Scott's masterpiece Hannibal (2001) are examined through interviews with the cast and crew, and behind the scenes footage. We are even taken to two premieres and get to see some of the audience's reactions while they're watching the film. This very important documentary is perfectly crafted and is very informative towards all of its viewers.
Small Town
Director
A female deputy encounters an alien that crash lands after a meteor shower.