Joseph Kosma
출생 : 1905-10-22, Budapest, Hungary
사망 : 1969-08-07
약력
Joseph Kosma (22 October 1905 – 7 August 1969) was a Hungarian-French composer.
Kosma was born József Kozma in Budapest, where his parents taught stenography and typing. He had a brother, Ákos. A maternal relative was the photographer László Moholy-Nagy, and another was the conductor Georg Solti. He started to play the piano at age five, and later took piano lessons. At the age of 11, he wrote his first opera, Christmas in the Trenches. After completing his education at the Secondary Grammar School Franz-Josef, he attended the Academy of Music in Budapest, where he studied with Leo Weiner. He also studied with Béla Bartók at the Liszt Academy, receiving diplomas in composition and conducting. He won a grant to study in Berlin in 1928, where he met Lilli Apel, another musician, whom he later married. Kosma also met and studied with Hanns Eisler in Berlin. He became acquainted with Bertolt Brecht and Helene Weigel.
Kosma and his wife emigrated to Paris in 1933. Eventually, he met Jacques Prévert, who introduced him to Jean Renoir. During the 1930s Kosma teamed up with Prévert to set a number of Prévert's poems to music, and have them recorded by popular singers. Several of these were hits. Kosma also composed scores to Renoir's films including La Grande Illusion (1937), La Bête Humaine (The Human Beast, 1938), and La Règle du jeu (The Rules of the Game, 1939).
During World War II and the Occupation of France, Kosma was placed under house arrest in the Alpes-Maritimes region and was banned from composition. However, Prévert managed to arrange for Kosma to contribute music for films with other composers fronting for him. Under this arrangement, he wrote the "pantomime" of the music for Les Enfants du Paradis (1945), made under the occupation but released after the liberation. Among his other credits are the scores to Voyage Surprise (1946) and Le Testament du docteur Cordelier (The Doctor's Horrible Experiment, 1959), the last of which was made for television. He was also known for writing the standard classical-jazz piece "Les feuilles mortes" ("Autumn Leaves"), with French lyrics by Prévert and later English lyrics by Johnny Mercer, which was derived from music in Marcel Carné's film Les Portes de la Nuit (1946). The song was featured in the eponymous 1956 film starring Joan Crawford.
Source: Article "Joseph Kosma" from Wikipedia in English, licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0.
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Part One, "The Last Christmas Dinner," is about the relationship between an old man and an old woman, both homeless. Part Two, "The Electric Floor Polisher," is an opera-like story of a woman who is obsessed with polishing her floors. Part Three is a musical interlude featuring Jeanne Moreau singing "When Love Dies." Part Four, "The Virtue of Tolerance," concerns an old man, his young wife, and how they come to terms when she has an affair with a man her own age.
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Two suicides take place in the same room of a hotel in Paris. The police investigate the reason why two previous tenants was pushed to hang themselves at that particular place.
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A former Canadian Mountie escorts a group of women and coffins to Fort Eagle, but finds it destroyed and remains to defend the fort from a gang of marauding Indians and outlaws led by the mysterious Renegade who are after a shipment of gold bullion. source: SWDB www.spaghetti-western.net
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A police drama set in an unidentified and oppressed South American country among a group of conspirators. The main characters are two sisters Soledad and Tita.
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A young American art student must decide whether to stay in Paris with her boyfriend or go back to the U.S. when her wealthy father arrives to bring her back.
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Bad financial conditions compel an aristocratic family to do strange work.
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An avant-garde political satire that takes place in a mythical country in South America. The dictator has been replaced by a look-alike revolutionary, and the dictator's wife has been replaced by a robot.
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2차 대전 중 독일의 포로수용소에 수감된 프랑스 군인의 탈출을 다룬 영화. 전쟁포로의 탈출이라는 소재가 "위대한 환상"과 비슷하지만 영화의 주제는 억압에 대한 저항에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 르누아르는 영화의 배경보다 인물을 중요하게 생각했기 때문에 수용소에 갇힌 각 인물들의 개성과 내면의 표현에 세심하게 신경을 썼다. 뉴스릴 필름이 포함된 흑백 촬영은 ‘탈출기’라는 맥락을 강조하며 영화에 사실성을 더한다. 브레송의 조감독 출신인 기 르프랑이 각색과 감독에 공동 참여하였다.
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Jules is a shepherd who lives a humble and solitary life in rural Provence. From time to time, he is visited by a lonely widow, Fine, who longs to be his wife. One day, Jules comes across an unexploded bomb lying on the ground in open countryside. After a few foolhardy attempts to set the bomb off, Jules makes a surprising discovery. It is filled with thousands of bank notes…
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Françoise, a thirty-year-old single typist lives only for her Sunday release. On this day, she attends a horse race under pretext of perfecting her taste for elegance and refinement. Georges, a neighbor widower, begins to court her.
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From his childhood in the lowlands of northern France to his death in Nice, a look at the life of painter Matisse: his early education, his apprenticeship at the Beaux-Arts and his decades-long career as a painter, sculptor, and draftsman.
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Tsar Alexandre II meets a young student, Katia. He understands that he loves her and try to send her away but they end up seeing each other again and becomes his mistress. With the help of Katia, Alexandre prepares a liberal constitution, but these reforms make him hostile to the more privileged subjects without satirising the revolutionaries against the regime.
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에티엔느 알렉시 교수는 인공수정을 연구하는 생물학자이자 통합 유럽의 차기 의장으로 유력시되는 인물이다. 한편 어느 한 작은 농가에 살고 있는 네네트는 인공수정으로 아기를 갖기 위해 의도적으로 알렉시 교수 집의 하녀로 들어간다.
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Dr. Cordelier, living in a suburb of Paris, withdraws from society to pursue research into the functioning of the human brain. His lifelong friend, Maître Joly, becomes concerned when Cordelier draws up a will that bequeaths his entire estate to a stranger, Monsieur Opale; he cannot understand why Cordelier defends him, considering Opale attacks women and children. After a colleague is killed, Joly confronts Cordelier and discovers the truth behind his friend's behavior.
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Four doctors face a serious dilemma when the beautiful wife of a TB-stricken artist begs one of them to cure her brilliant, but amoral, husband.
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Jo Guardini, now the peaceful owner of a charming inn by the banks of the River Marne, once was a dreaded gangster. The respectful citizen does not want to have anything to do with the underworld any more. Unfortunately, two of his former accomplices kidnap a little girl and decide to hide her in his hotel. What will Jo do : side with the law in the person of inspector Loriot or have a relapse in crime?
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A Dutch slave captain, on a voyage to Cuba, faces a revolt fomented by a newly captured African slave, Tamango. The slaves capture the captain's mistress, forcing a showdown.
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Moving from contemporary images of Paris in the 1950s to old photographs and documents, this short film evokes the heroic radical Commune of 1871 which was violently suppressed, and it's legacy today.
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Le Cas Du Dr. Laurent (The Case of Dr. Laurent) stars Jean Gabin as a Paris-based doctor who tries to spread the gospel of Natural Childbirth. Working in a cloistered rural community, Gabin runs up against the stone walls of fear and prejudice. His theories are proven sound when unwed mother Nicole Courcel gives birth within Gabin's methodology. The childbirth sequence is filmed straight-on with a delicate combination of taste and frankness. Nonetheless, the lurid ad campaign of Cas Du Dr. Laurent sensationalized this sequence all out of proportion.
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One evening, professor André Barret sees the author of a murder in the darkness; cafe owner Cordelec is the victim. From then on, his suspicions fall on one of his students who had just arrived in his class, Bernard Cormiere.
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"Poisoner" - After her fiancé is arrested Claire finds herself alone and forced to find work. She is hired by a country squire, Etienne de Montenoy, as the tutor of his goddaughter. It does not take long before Montenoy falls for her but a little longer before the young woman, reluctant at first, understands Etienne loves her truly and then requites his love. Etienne lives so happily with her that he decides to make her his heir. Shortly after, he is murdered by poison...
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A small town in Spain, October 1955. Isabel, a 35-year-old dreamer who feels like a failure because she is not married yet, becomes the new target of a group of soulless pranksters.
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19세기 말, 폴란드 왕자의 아내였지만 젊은 나이에 과부가 된 엘레나는 수많은 남자들의 주목을 받으며 파리에서 생활하고 있다. 세계대전이 일어나기 전, 그녀는 새롭게 떠오른 수려한 외모의 장군 롤랑을 만난다. 글로와르 정복에 나서려던 롤랑은 엘레나에게 도움을 요청하고, 엘레나는 롤랑을 위해 음모와 책략을 꾸미는 데에 가담한다.
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In a small town in southern France, on the seafront and not far from Italy, Dr. Valerio is working to heal the poor. His young wife, could no longer stand the place, encouraged him to go and settle in Nice but the doctor does not want to leave before having found a replacement. Valerio was particularly friendly with Sandro, an agricultural worker who maintains the trees belonging to Gorzone, wealthy industrialist and major employer in the city. Sandro, disturbed by the serious illness of his wife, is struggling to fulfill its functions. During an absence of his wife, Dr. Valerio meets Clara, a young Italian, and falls for her. The drama erupts when Gorzone dismisses Sandro ...
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During a stay at a roadside inn, long-distance lorry driver Jean Viard meets a young woman Clothilde who works there. Their friendship soon develops into a passionate love affair, even though Jean is already married and is old enough to be Clothilde’s father. Things take a turn for the worse when Jean loses his job and his wife finds out about his affair. But Clothilde’s predicament is even more distressing...
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During WW2, three prisoners escape from a labor camp.
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The scene is a tawdry hotel room in Limbo, where several damned souls are gathered. At first, the group fails to comprehend where they are or why they're there. When the horrible truth dawns upon them, they carp and snipe at one another, blaming everyone but themselves for their dismal fate.
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Reported missing in 1940, Jacques Ledru comes back to Strasbourg as Martin Schmidt. He tracks down his wife Genevieve, but she's remarried and has taken the head of his shipping company. She and her husband will do anything to get rid of Jacques and keep his company.
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Romantic comedy about a group of Britons flying to Paris for the weekend.
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A chimney sweep and his beloved shepherdess are aided by Wonderbird in their escape from a ruthless dictator
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A chimney sweep and his beloved shepherdess are aided by Wonderbird in their escape from a ruthless dictator
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Bertal, a despotic and hated theater director, is assassinated before a performance of Macbeth in which he was to play with Aurélia Nobli, his companion and Ludovic Arn, her lover. The police arrive on the scene and the investigation begins. Suspicion first falls on Sigurd, an old actor who had threatened Bertal. But parallels appear between the characters in the play and the actors who play them.
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Bavaria, 1433. Reason of state rules that Prince Albert is to marry Princess Bertha of Wurtemberg. But the fine-looking young man is loath to become the husband of a woman with pimples,flat feet and no breast. Nevertheless, he has to obey his authoritarian father, Duke Ernest, and accompanied by faithful Count Törring, he mounts his steed and sets out for Würtemberg. Stopping in Augsburg, he falls in love with the daughter of a local barber-surgeon, pure and beautiful Agnès Bernauer. The couple is soon secretly married and both take refuge at the castle of Margravine Josepha, Albert's aunt, waiting for Ernest's consent. Unluckily Albert's father will not accept his son's union with a commoner and Albert, supported by Josepha and an army of common people, declares war on the Duke. They seem about to be victorious when Brother Enrique, a monk formerly in the Holy Inquisition, finds a way to reverse the situation: accusing Agnès of witchcraft...
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In World War II France, American soldier Michael Blake captures, then loses Nazi-collaborator art thief Paul Rona, who leaves behind a gem studded gauntlet (a stolen religious relic). Years later, financial reverses lead Mike to return in search of the object. In Paris, he must dodge mysterious followers and a corpse that's hard to explain; so he and attractive tour guide Christine decamp on a cross-country pursuit that becomes love on the run...then takes yet another turn.
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A secret agent is summoned by the head of a counter espionage organization, to Trieste where he is to unmask a potential enemy operating in Venice.
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Professor Louis Delage is a kidney transplant specialist. He is so good in his field that his peers nickname him the "great man". But one day, one of his patients die during surgery and Delage starts doubting. Is he actually such a great man? To fight desperation he decides to take in the deceased child while devoting more time to Florence, his hitherto neglected wife.
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Lyria, a faded beauty who runs a seedy waterfront bar, is madly in love with Bob, a crooked attorney. Bob can't bring himself to confess his love for Minnie, the pretty daughter of Simon, a safe cracker. In order to run away with her, Bob, one of the masterminds of a big-time robbery, betrays his friends. But Lyria, who has found out what is happening, makes Minnie fall into a deadly trap.
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A few years ago, Isabelle Leritz, a famous pianist, suffered a fit of madness, in the middle of a concert. Now recovered, she fell in love with Jacques whom she plans to marry. She does not know that he is having an affair with Caroline, his sister, director of a fashion house.
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Michel has stolen from his employer, Mr Bellanger, for the love of Juliette. He is now in jail. One night, while sleeping in his cell, he wakes up all of a sudden, the gates open and he finds himself in a strange village where all the inhabitants have lost their memory. There, meets Juliette again who seems to agree to marry a powerful man, who might well be Bluebeard...
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A woman in Paris hires a taxi driver to locate her ex-lover, father to her newborn child, who left her without leaving an address.
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Variations on the cultural and intellectual explosion in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district in 1946.
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A man who lost everything in the war now smuggles contraband into and out of Spain, but the law's closing in.
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Suppose lost and found objects could talk... But they can! At least four of them... : -A statuette of Osiris remembers how two ex-lovers, a model and a good for nothing who claimed to be an Egyptologist, met again one Christmas Eve. -A violin has things to say about Raoul, a humble policeman who lost Solange, a widowed grocer he loved, to a god-dam seducing busker also named Raoul. -A scarf was witness to an eerie romance between a young madman and girl he had saved from suicide. -A funeral wreath lets us know how it caused a young woman to believe her lover dead. After having told their respective story, the objects return to their customary stillness.
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This Government-commissioned documentary was intended to reflect the modernisation of French industry. However, in Franju’s hands it became an ode to fire and a fascinating portrayal of industrial architecture.
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World War I aviator Carbot attempts to establish a commercial airline after the war, for the purpose of delivering the mail to the outermost regions of France.
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A Canadian sailor becomes a fugitive for love after a night with a woman in Marseille.
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Angelo, a glass-blower from Murano, and Georgia Maglia, the pretty daughter of a fallen fascist magistrate, are chosen to be the stand-ins for the stars of a film version of "Romeo and Juliet" being shot on location in Venice and Verona. It is not long before they fall in love and their romance parallels that of Shakespeare's timeless heroes. Indeed their union is threatened by the schemings of Raffaele, the Maglia family's dubious tout...
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An early example of ultra-realism, this movie contrasts the quiet, bucolic life in the outskirts of Paris with the harsh, gory conditions inside the nearby slaughterhouses. Describes the fate of the animals and that of the workers in graphic detail.
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The story of the Swiss soldier, Henri Dunant, who was responsible for the founding of the Red Cross, and who was offered the first Nobel Peace Prize.
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Stanislas Oscar Seminario, aka SOS, is a young explorer, just back from Africa, visiting old friends: the Pescara's. But the father keeps receiving anonymous letters. And soon a mysterious murder is committed. SOS begins to investigate...
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Danielle Darrieux stars as Arabella Delvaire in this baroque adaptation of Pierre Benoit's novel Bethshabee. Arabella is a woman of the world who arrives at a remote Foreign Legion outpost for a rendezvous with her current lover, Captain Duveuil. It so happens that one of Arabella's previous amours, Captain Somerville (Paul Meurisse), is also serving at the same post. So much for joining the Foreign Legion to forget. A climactic knife duel "solves" the film's various plot complications. Despite its Foreign Legion background, Bethsabee has next to no action, which must have made things difficult when the film was distributed to the U.S.
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In an isolated house, in Brittany, live two sisters around whom gravitate a whole series of strange characters. Between the eruption of the vagrant voyeur and that of the couple in love, the youngest kills her eldest and goes mad.
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A budding romance between two toy dancers is put into dangers when the boy is conscripted into the toy army.
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Bitru is a carefree fellow who, one day, decides to buy a houseboat on the River Seine. He moves there and starts living surrounded by a circle of colorful friends. Among them, the daughter of an auto maker but also a group of scientists who have developed "Aqua Simplex", a device that could enable motorists to fill their tanks with... water ! Panic sets in in the automobile industry and Bitru is appointed his friends' middle man to represent them on the various car makers directors' boards.
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Bitru is a carefree fellow who, one day, decides to buy a houseboat on the River Seine. He moves there and starts living surrounded by a circle of colorful friends. Among them, the daughter of an auto maker but also a group of scientists who have developed "Aqua Simplex", a device that could enable motorists to fill their tanks with... water ! Panic sets in in the automobile industry and Bitru is appointed his friends' middle man to represent them on the various car makers directors' boards.
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Paris, during the winter after its Liberation: Jean Diego meets up with his friend Raymond Lecuyer again. A tramp predicts Jean will meet the most beautiful girl in the world, and that same evening Jean meets Malou. But he soon discovers that her brother Guy was the one that gave his friend Raymond away to the Gestapo...
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모파상의 단편소설을 각색한 영화. 파리의 상인 일가가 시골로 소풍을 오고, 순수하고 아름다운 딸은 그곳 여관에서 만난 남자와 사랑에 빠진다. 프랑수아 트뤼포가 장 르누아르의 영화 중 ‘가장 감각적인 영화’라고 찬미한 작품으로, 사랑의 두근거림과 아픔을 매혹적으로 그려내고 있다. 어떠한 설명에도 의존하지 않으면서 40여분 간 시적인 이야기를 펼쳐 보이는 르누아르의 솜씨가 돋보이는 작품.
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마임 배우 가랑스와 밥티스트는 서로 사랑하지만, 허영심이 강한 배우 프레데릭 등 가랑스를 사랑하는 다른 세 남자들 때문에 기구한 삶을 살게 된다.
3시간 넘는 상영시간이 지루하지 않는 ‘프랑스 연극의 정수와 혼’이 담긴 영화로, 누벨바그 이전의 프랑스 문예 영화의 정점을 보여주는 기념비적인 작품이다.마르셀 카르테가 연출하여 나치 점령 하의 파리에서 2년에 걸쳐 제작되었고 나치가 물러간 후에야 비로소 완성, 개봉되었다. 또한 시인 자끄 프레베르의 시나리오와 당대 최고의 연극배우인 장 루이 바로의 판토마임 연기로 더욱 유명한 작품.
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A bungling thief is threatened by one target with blackmail, unless the thief will kill his own cousin, a wealthy eccentric who is considered the village idiot.
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인상파 화가 르노와르의 아들인 장 르노와르의 야유와 풍자가 난무하는 클래식 필름. 프랑스 지배계층에 대한 부도덕한 묘사로 인해 1959년에야 검열 삭제 부분이 복원, 완성된 영화로 공개되는 비운을 겪기도 했다. 영화가 표현할 수 있는 미장센의 모든 것을 담고 있는 작품이라 추앙받기도 하는 이 작품은 갖가지 계층의 프랑스인들이 모인 대저택에서 벌어지는 며칠간의 에피소드를 줄거리로 하고 있다. 하지만 줄거리 보다도 내러티브, 즉흥연기, 딥 포커스, 카메라 무브먼트, 모짜르트 음악 등이 영화의 풍부함을 더해준다. 감독 스스로가 이야기하는 이 영화의 주제는 '인생은 멈추어 있지 않고 항상 흐른다'라는 것.
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철도를 둘러싼 삼각관계의 비극으로 에밀 졸라의 동명 소설을 각색했다. 장 가뱅이 부역장의 아내와 불륜에 빠지는 철도기관사 랑티에로 출연하여 운명 앞에서 어쩔 줄 모르는 인간의 유약함과 악마적 본성을 훌륭하게 연기해낸다. 세브린느 역을 맡은 시몬느 시몽 역시 연약하면서도 파멸적인 매력을 지닌 팜므파탈의 전형을 보여준다. 랑티에의 분신과도 같은 기차는 인물들 내면의 광기와 분열, 현실세계와의 갈등을 시각적으로 드러내주는 또 다른 주인공이라고 할 수 있다. 주인공의 인간적인 고통을 절실하게 표현해낸 수작.
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French stage favorite Lya Gauty made her screen debut in 1938's La Goualeuse (The Street Singer). The story concerns a poverty-stricken vagabond (Jean Martinelli) who supports himself by singing for pennies in a rough section of town. Only the local barkeeper knows that the vagabond is actually the illegitimate son of a prosperous and highly respected banker (Constant Remy). One would think that the film's dramatic climax would consist of a tearful reunion between father and son. Instead, this scene occurs in the middle of the picture; the rest of the film is a melodramatic melange of high emotionalism and low melodrama, culminating in the boy's suicide. Though billed first, Lya Gauty has an almost peripheral role as the hero's long-suffering sweetheart who sings at the drop of a hat and frequently brings her own hat.
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인민전선 하에서 노동총연맹의 의뢰로 만들어진 작품. 프랑스 혁명 당시 500명의 지원병으로 구성된 마르세이유 군대가 마르세이유에서 파리까지 이동하는 과정을 그리고 있다. 중심적인 주인공 없이, 지원병, 왕족, 귀족, 군대, 프랑스 국민을 대표하는 인물들이 등장하여 각기 고귀하고 인간적인 모습을 보여준다. 르누아르는 이 영화가 자신에게 인민전선의 의기양양한 기운을 호흡하게 해 주었으며, 프랑스인들이 다시 태어난 것 같은 느낌을 가졌다고 말했다. 프린트가 유실되었다가 모스크바에서 온전한 필름을 찾음으로써 가까스로 복원될 수 있었던 각별한 사연을 가진 작품
Original Music Composer
정비공 출신이지만 장교로 진급한 마레샬 중위와 직업 장교인 볼디외 대위가 탄 비행기가 독일군 라펜슈타인 사령관에 의해 격추당한다. 볼디외와 같은 귀족계급인 라펜슈타인은 마레샬과 볼디외를 수용소에 보내기 전, 정중하게 식사에 초대한다. 수용소에 입소한 두 프랑스 군인들은 배우, 교수, 토지 측량기사 등 다양한 출신의 수감자들과 곧 친해진다. 특히 부유한 은행가의 아들인 로젠탈 덕분에 이들은 그에게 배달되어온 물품과 음식들로 초라하지 않은 수용소 생활을 영위한다.
joueur d'harmonium
When her fiancé breaks off their engagement, Danielle leaves London and returns to her mother, Jenny, in Paris. With her business partner Benoît, Jenny runs what appears to be a respectable nightclub – it is in fact a place where wealthy men can buy the favours of attractive young women. Oblivious to her mother's professional and personal life, Danielle meets a handsome young man named Lucien, and falls in love with him – not realising that he is Jenny's lover...
Original Music Composer
When her fiancé breaks off their engagement, Danielle leaves London and returns to her mother, Jenny, in Paris. With her business partner Benoît, Jenny runs what appears to be a respectable nightclub – it is in fact a place where wealthy men can buy the favours of attractive young women. Oblivious to her mother's professional and personal life, Danielle meets a handsome young man named Lucien, and falls in love with him – not realising that he is Jenny's lover...
Original Music Composer
거의 파산할 위기를 맞은 소규모 출판사의 사장 바탈라가 회사의 돈을 갖고 사라지자, 이 회사의 직원인 랑주는 다른 직원들과 함께 회사를 공동으로 운영한다. 이제 회사가 성공적으로 자리를 잡아갈 무렵, 바탈라가 갑자기 나타나 출판사의 소유권을 주장한다. 결국 랑주는 이 문제를 원만히 처리하기 위해서는 바탈라를 처리하는 길밖에 없다고 생각한다.
