Fred Zinnemann
出生 : 1907-04-29, Rzeszów, Poland
死亡 : 1997-03-14
略歴
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alfred "Fred" Zinnemann (April 29, 1907 – March 14, 1997), born in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, was an American film director. He won four Academy Awards for directing films in various genres, including thrillers, westerns, film noir and play adaptations. He made 25 feature films during his 50-year career.
Zinnemann was among the first directors to insist on using authentic locations and for mixing stars with civilians to give his films more realism. Within the film industry, he was considered a maverick for taking risks and thereby creating unique films, with many of his stories being dramas about lone and principled individuals tested by tragic events. According to one historian, Zinnemann's style demonstrated his sense of "psychological realism and his apparent determination to make worthwhile pictures that are nevertheless highly entertaining."
Some of his most notable films were The Men (1950), High Noon (1952), From Here to Eternity (1953), Oklahoma! (1955), The Nun's Story (1959), A Man For All Seasons (1966), The Day of the Jackal (1973), and Julia (1977). His films have received 65 Oscar nominations, winning 24.
Zinnemann directed and introduced a number of stars in their U.S. film debuts, including Marlon Brando, Rod Steiger, Pier Angeli, Julie Harris, Brandon deWilde, Montgomery Clift, Shirley Jones and Meryl Streep. He directed 19 actors to Oscar nominations, including Frank Sinatra, Montgomery Clift, Audrey Hepburn, Glynis Johns, Paul Scofield, Robert Shaw, Wendy Hiller, Jason Robards, Vanessa Redgrave, Jane Fonda, Gary Cooper and Maximilian Schell.
Fred Zinnemann died in London, England in 1997. He was 89 years old.
Self (archive footage)
The story of the gold-plated statuette that became the film industry's most coveted prize, AND THE OSCAR GOES TO... traces the history of the Academy itself, which began in 1927 when Louis B. Mayer, then head of MGM, led other prominent members of the industry in forming this professional honorary organization. Two years later the Academy began bestowing awards, which were nicknamed "Oscar," and quickly came to represent the pinnacle of cinematic achievement.
Himself (archive footage)
Eight hundred German filmmakers (cast and crew) fled the Nazis in the 1930s. The film uses voice-overs, archival footage, and film clips to examine Berlin's vital filmmaking in the 1920s; then it follows a producer, directors, composers, editors, writers, and actors to Hollywood: some succeeded and many found no work. Among those profiled are Erich Pommer, Joseph May, Ernst Lubitsch, Fritz Lang, Billy Wilder, and Peter Lorre. Once in Hollywood, these exiles helped each other, housed new arrivals, and raised money so others could escape. Some worked on anti-Nazi films, like Casablanca. The themes and lighting of German Expressionism gave rise in Hollywood to film noir.
Himself (archive footage)
How the cinema industry does not respect the author's work as it was conceived, how manipulates the motion pictures in order to make them easier to watch by an undemanding audience or even how mutilates them to adapt the original formats and runtimes to the restrictive frame of the television screen and the abusive requirements of advertising. (Followed by “Filmmakers in Action.”)
Self
Documentary about High Noon featuring Fred Zinnemann and Stanley Kramer.
Himself
Documentary on the director Fred Zinnemann and his work, in which he talks extensively about his career and experiences in the cinema from his early days in Paris and Berlin, and his arrival in Hollywood in 1929 to the present.
Biography of the legendary filmmaker directed by his son.
Producer
A 1930s Scottish doctor (Sean Connery) goes climbing in the Alps with an infatuated niece (Betsy Brantley) he passes off as his wife.
Director
A 1930s Scottish doctor (Sean Connery) goes climbing in the Alps with an infatuated niece (Betsy Brantley) he passes off as his wife.
The reunion of a group of former medical students results in a flood of bitter memories.
Director
At the behest of an old and dear friend, playwright Lillian Hellman undertakes a dangerous mission to smuggle funds into Nazi Germany.
Director
フレデリック・フォーサイス原作。謎の外人スナイパー“ジャッカル”がフランスに侵入。大統領ド・ゴールの命を狙う鮮やかな魔の手が迫る。個性派俳優エドワード・フォックスの怪演が光る名作。
Producer
16世紀のイギリスを舞台に、権力に屈しなかったトーマス・モアの半生を描いた歴史ドラマ。時の国王ヘンリー8世は、王妃と離婚して別の女性と結婚しようとしていた。だが、トーマス・モアは、断固としてこれに反対、ついに国王の怒りを買ってしまう……。重厚なキャストと、絵画のような映像に支えられた堂々たる作品で、アカデミー作品・監督・主演男優（P・スコフィールド）・脚色・撮影・衣装デザインなど主要なオスカーを総嘗めにした秀作。
Director
16世紀のイギリスを舞台に、権力に屈しなかったトーマス・モアの半生を描いた歴史ドラマ。時の国王ヘンリー8世は、王妃と離婚して別の女性と結婚しようとしていた。だが、トーマス・モアは、断固としてこれに反対、ついに国王の怒りを買ってしまう……。重厚なキャストと、絵画のような映像に支えられた堂々たる作品で、アカデミー作品・監督・主演男優（P・スコフィールド）・脚色・撮影・衣装デザインなど主要なオスカーを総嘗めにした秀作。
Director
Manuel Artiguez, a famous bandit during the Spanish civil war, has lived in French exile for 20 years. When his mother is dying he considers visiting her secretly in his Spanish home town. But his biggest enemy, the Spanish police officer Vinolas, prepared a trap at the hospital as a chance to finally catch Artiguez.
Director
In the Australian Outback, the Carmody family--Paddy, Ida, and their teenage son Sean--are sheep drovers, always on the move. Ida and Sean want to settle down and buy a farm. Paddy wants to keep moving. A sheep-shearing contest, the birth of a child, drinking, gambling, and a racehorse will all have a part in the final decision.
Producer
ベルギーに住む有名な医者パン・デル・マル博士の娘であるガブリエルは尼僧になる決意をし、家を出た。恋人への思いも断ち切り、修道院入りする。
修道院で志願者となったガブリエルは修道女の戒律を学び、五日後には修道志願女となり数ヶ月に及ぶ厳しい戒律生活に身を投じる。戒律と懺悔の日々。あまりの厳しさに脱落していく志願女がいる中、ガブリエルは見習い尼になる。その前夜、髪を短く刈られ、またそれまで自分と俗世との唯一のつながりであった、恋人から贈られた金飾りのついたペンを投げ捨てた。俗世との完全な別離の瞬間であった。ガブリエルはシスター・ルークという名を与えられ、正式の尼僧になるべく修行を続ける。
Director
ベルギーに住む有名な医者パン・デル・マル博士の娘であるガブリエルは尼僧になる決意をし、家を出た。恋人への思いも断ち切り、修道院入りする。
修道院で志願者となったガブリエルは修道女の戒律を学び、五日後には修道志願女となり数ヶ月に及ぶ厳しい戒律生活に身を投じる。戒律と懺悔の日々。あまりの厳しさに脱落していく志願女がいる中、ガブリエルは見習い尼になる。その前夜、髪を短く刈られ、またそれまで自分と俗世との唯一のつながりであった、恋人から贈られた金飾りのついたペンを投げ捨てた。俗世との完全な別離の瞬間であった。ガブリエルはシスター・ルークという名を与えられ、正式の尼僧になるべく修行を続ける。
Director
A Korean War veteran's morphine addiction wreaks havoc upon his family.
Director
This joyous celebration of frontier life combines tender romance and violent passion in the Oklahoma Territory of the 1900s with a timeless score filled with unforgettable songs. Rodgers and Hammerstein's hit Broadway musical.
Director
In 1941 Hawaii, a private is cruelly punished for not boxing on his unit's team, while his captain's wife and second in command are falling in love.
Director
Tomboy, Frances 'Frankie' Addams, dreams of running away with her brother and new fiancée away from the Deep South.
Director
劇中の時間進行と映画の進行時間をシンクロさせたリアリズム重視の西部劇。『ジャッカルの日』のフレッド・ジンネマン監督作。ゲイリー・クーパー＆グレイス・ケリーのゴールデン・コンビにも注目だ。
Producer
Director
An Italian war bride has problems dealing with her husband's possessive mother.
Director
Benjy is a 1951 American short documentary film directed by Fred Zinnemann. It won an Oscar in 1952 for Documentary Short Subject. Henry Fonda narrates this short film about a boy who was handicapped from birth. An orthopedic pediatrician wants to provide a therapeutic regimen that could cure the child, a scoliosis patient, but first he needs to convince the boy's parents, who have rejected the child because of his disabilities.
Director
Ken, an ex-WWII GI, returns home after he's paralyzed in battle. Residing in the paraplegic ward of a veteran's hospital and embittered by his condition, he refuses to see his fiancée and sinks into a solitary world of hatred and hostility. Head physician, Dr. Brock cajoles the withdrawn Ken into the life of the ward, where fellow patients Norm, Leo and Angel begin to pull him out of his spiritual dilemma.
Director
A former prisoner of war, Frank Enley is hailed as a hero in his California town. However, Frank has a shameful secret that comes back to haunt him when fellow survivor Joe Parkson emerges, intent on making Frank pay for his past deeds.
Director
In postwar Germany, a displaced Czech boy, separated from his family during wartime, is befriended by an American GI while the boy's mother desperately searches for him.
Interpreter (uncredited)
In postwar Germany, a displaced Czech boy, separated from his family during wartime, is befriended by an American GI while the boy's mother desperately searches for him.
Director
After his mother's death, a young boy tries to help his father stop drinking.
Director
Living with his family in Baltimore, 9-year-old Lewie Penrose claims that he can converse with horses--and also pick the winners of upcoming races. When it appears as though Lewie is telling the truth, he attracts the interest of gambler Rich Roeder who needs a "sure thing" in the upcoming Preakness. Meanwhile, Lewie's older brother John carries on a romance with the lovely Martha.
Director
In Nazi Germany in 1936 seven men escape from a concentration camp. The camp commander puts up seven crosses and, as the Gestapo returns each escapee he is put to death on a cross. The seventh cross is still empty as George Heisler seeks freedom in Holland.
Director
Blind detective Duncan Maclain gets mixed up with enemy agents and murder when he tries to help an old friend with a rebellious stepdaughter.
Director
Van Heflin stars as the head of a city crime lab who tries to solve the murder of the town mayor by scientifically analyzing evidence.
Director
Author Frank R. Stockton, often asked the question, finally decides to divulge the untold ending of his story, The Lady or the Tiger?
Co-Director
Told on the premise that the United States has always been a refuge from those seeking a reprieve from poverty and bigotry, this Miniature short from M-G-M is the story of a young Polish boy, unable to speak English, just arriving in New York City with hie parents. He leaves his lower east-side tenement to go play. Passing an open field he sees a sight unfamiliar to him; a group of boys playing baseball. When the boys drop their bats and gloves to hitch a ride on a passing ice-wagon, the Polish boy goes over to the baseball diamond and starts examining the baseball equipment. The boys come back and think he is about to steal their belongings but, when they learn he is a new immigrant and doesn't understand English, they invite him to play base ball with them..and he gets a base-hit his first time at bat.
Director
This short looks at the odd bequests that people have made in their wills over the years. They include a woman who left her fortune to her pet cat and a murderer who ensured that his corneas would be donated to a blind girl after he was put to death in the electric chair. At the end, the will of Charles Lounsberry, who died with no earthly possessions, is read in its entirety.
Director
This MGM Crime Does Not Pay series short looks at the U.S. Department of Immigration's efforts to halt the smuggling of illegal aliens into the country. Desperate immigrants, tired of waiting for legal entry, pay exorbitant fees and risk a grisly death to enter by illegal means.
Director
This Passing Parade entry tells the story of Dr. Joseph Goldberger (1874-1929), a Hungarian immigrant who devoted his life to finding the cause of pellagra, a disease that killed hundreds of thousands in the southern United States. Although the medical community believed that the condition was caused by a virus, Goldberger proved that a healthy diet was the cure.
Director
This short film chronicles the importance of cotton to the economy and culture of America's Old South.
Director
This MGM John Nesbitt's Passing Parade series short tells the story of Mark Carleton, a worker for the USDA who travels across the world trying to find wheat that farmers can grow despite various disasters.
Director
Story of Colonial American David Bushnell, inventor of the submarine and depth charge.
Director
This short film presents the story of Dr. Ephraim McDowell, who came under scrutiny for his pioneering of surgical practices.
Director
A temporary laborer who helps bring down a mob-sponsored employment racket
Director
An episode in the "Crime Does Not Pay" series. Dave Miller, an aircraft plant worker, is actually selling secret bomber plans to foreign agents. United States Intelligence Department agents plan to trap him and the spies he works for.
Director
Modern meteorology and a hard-working government weather team put their science and organization to work as a cold front moves from Alaska toward the citrus groves of Southern California. First, the scientists predict the storm's course, giving several days' warning to farmers and growers. The growers, typified by the Morgan family, prepare the oil-burning pots throughout their grove. Then, as the temperature dips below freezing, they light the pots. The cold snap continues as oil-supplies dwindle; the smoky air slows traffic, including trucks bringing more oil. The scientists strive to predict how long freezing temperatures will last: can the Morgans hold out?
Director
The story of Dr. George Washington Carver (1864-1943), black educator and horticulturist. He is perhaps most well known for developing over 140 products from all parts of the peanut plant, including the shells and husks. He also developed products based on sweet potatoes and soybeans, and developed a cotton hybrid that was named after him.
Director
That Mothers Might Live is a 1938 American short drama film directed by Fred Zinnemann. The short is a brief account of Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis and his discovery of the need for cleanliness in 19th-century maternity wards, thereby significantly decreasing maternal mortality, and of his struggle to gain acceptance of his idea. Although Semmelweis ultimately failed in his lifetime, later scientific luminaries advanced his work in spirit like microbiologist Louis Pasteur, who provided a scientific theoretical explanation of Semmelweis' observations by helping develop the germ theory of disease and the British surgeon, Dr. Joseph Lister who revolutionized medicine putting Pasteur's research to practical use. In 1939, at the 11th Academy Awards, the film won an Oscar for Best Short Subject (One-Reel).
Director
Pete Smith tells the story of 'Sparky', a German shepherd dog trained to lead his blind master, a country doctor who lost his sight in a fire, and now has to depend upon the dog to lead him in his daily rounds. 'Sparky" was the dog who was responsible for the Interstate Commerce Commission passing a special ruling allowing guide-dogs to travel first-class in Pullman cars to accompany their blind partner, and not as animals confined to the baggage car. Smith shows how 'Sparky' went to Washington D. C. with his master and helped sell the change to the legislators.
Director
A Mexican fisherman, whose son has died because he could not afford necessary medical care out of his meagre wages, becomes aware of how badly exploited he and his many fellow fisherman are by the one greedy man for whom they work and the corrupt politician who makes the laws to benefit him.
Assistant Director
A woman whose husband never came home from World War I finds herself in love with her doctor. She travels with him to Switzerland, and as they check into the hotel there, she is astounded to see her supposedly dead husband.
Assistant Director
1931 picture starring Kay Johnson.
German Soldier / French Ambulance Driver (uncredited)
第1次大戦がはじまってまもない、ドイツのある町。群衆の歓声に送られて、戦場へ向かう大部隊が進軍してゆく。学校の教室では、老教師が生徒に愛国心を説いていた。情熱に駆り立てられた若者たちは、ただちに出征を志願するが、前線は飢えと死の恐怖だけの毎日だった。
Director
A semi-documentary experimental 1930 German silent film created by amateurs with a small budget. With authentic scenes of the metropolis city of Berlin, it's the first film from the later famous screenwriters/directors Billy Wilder and Fred Zinnemann.
Camera Intern
The engineer Karl Hartmann invents a new, gigantic brown coal excavator. He discovers that there are large deposits below his home country and decides to use the excavator there.
Assistant Camera
La marche des machines is a thundering, thumping symphony of turbines, belts, flanges, wheels and sparks.
